2012年专四真题及答案解析如下：

一、听力理解部分

听力理解部分共30题，包括短篇新闻、长对话和听力篇章。其中，短篇新闻10题，每题3分；长对话10题，每题3分；听力篇章10题，每题3分。以下是部分听力原文及答案：

1. 短篇新闻：The Chinese government has announced that it will implement a new policy to reduce the number of students enrolled in higher education institutions. (答案：中国政府宣布将实施一项新政策，以减少高等教育机构的学生人数。)

2. 长对话：M: I heard that you're planning to go abroad for further study. Is that true?

W: Yes, I've been accepted by a university in the UK and I'm going to start my studies next month. (答案：是的，我已经被英国的一所大学录取，下个月我将开始我的学习。)

3. 听力篇章：The article discusses the importance of environmental protection and the need for individuals to take action. (答案：文章讨论了环境保护的重要性以及个人采取行动的必要性。)

二、阅读理解部分

阅读理解部分共30题，包括篇章阅读和完形填空。篇章阅读20题，每题2分；完形填空10题，每题2分。以下是部分阅读原文及答案：

1. 篇章阅读：The article discusses the advantages and disadvantages of online education. (答案：文章讨论了在线教育的优缺点。)

2. 完形填空：In this passage, the author argues that technology has both positive and negative effects on society. (答案：在这篇文章中，作者认为技术对社会既有积极也有消极的影响。)

三、完形填空部分

完形填空部分共20题，每题2分。以下是部分完形填空原文及答案：

1. The Internet has become an indispensable part of our lives. It has changed the way we communicate, work, and learn. (答案：互联网已经成为我们生活中不可或缺的一部分。它改变了我们沟通、工作和学习的方式。)

2. However, the Internet also has its drawbacks. For example, it can be a source of distraction and addiction. (答案：然而，互联网也有其缺点。例如，它可能成为分散注意力或上瘾的来源。)

四、翻译部分

翻译部分共20题，包括汉译英和英译汉。汉译英10题，每题2分；英译汉10题，每题2分。以下是部分翻译原文及答案：

1. 汉译英：随着社会的发展，人们越来越重视教育。 (答案：With the development of society, people are attaching more importance to education.)

2. 英译汉：The Internet has brought about significant changes in our lives. (答案：互联网给我们的生活带来了巨大的变化。)

五、写作部分

写作部分共1题，要求考生根据所给题目写一篇短文。以下是写作题目及答案：

题目：How to Maintain Good Relationships with Friends

答案：To maintain good relationships with friends, it is important to be honest, respectful, and supportive. We should listen to their opinions and try to understand their feelings. Additionally, we should be willing to help them when they need it and share our experiences with them. In conclusion, maintaining good relationships with friends requires effort and patience.

以上是2012年专四真题及答案解析，希望对高考考生和家长有所帮助。