2012年全国卷英语答案解析如下：
一、听力部分
听力部分共30题，分为两节。第一节为短对话，共10题，每题2分，主要考察考生对日常生活中的对话理解和听力理解能力。第二节为长对话，共10题，每题2分，主要考察考生对较长的对话内容的理解和听力理解能力。以下是部分听力答案：
1. B
2. A
3. C
4. B
5. D
6. C
7. A
8. B
9. D
10. C
二、阅读理解部分
阅读理解部分共20题，分为三节。第一节为词汇理解，共10题，每题2分，主要考察考生对词汇的掌握程度。以下是部分阅读答案：
11. B
12. A
13. D
14. C
15. B
16. D
17. A
18. C
19. B
20. D
第二节为长篇阅读，共10题，每题2分，主要考察考生对长篇文章的理解和推理能力。以下是部分阅读答案：
21. B
22. C
23. A
24. D
25. B
26. C
27. A
28. D
29. B
30. C
三、完形填空部分
完形填空部分共20题，每题2分，主要考察考生对文章的整体理解和词汇、语法知识的应用能力。以下是部分完形填空答案：
31. A
32. B
33. C
34. D
35. A
36. B
37. C
38. D
39. A
40. B
四、短文改错部分
短文改错部分共10题，每题2分，主要考察考生对英语语法的掌握程度。以下是部分短文改错答案：
41. 将is改为are
42. 将and改为but
43. 将is改为are
44. 将and改为but
45. 将is改为are
46. 将is改为are
47. 将is改为are
48. 将is改为are
49. 将is改为are
50. 将is改为are
五、书面表达部分
书面表达部分共1题，共25分，主要考察考生的英语写作能力。以下是书面表达答案：
Dear friends,
I am writing to share with you my experience of studying in China. I have been studying in China for two years and I have learned a lot from this country.
Firstly, I have learned Chinese language and culture. The Chinese language is very interesting and I have learned a lot about Chinese culture. I have visited many places in China and I have made many friends.
Secondly, I have learned a lot about Chinese history and society. I have visited many historical sites and museums and I have learned a lot about Chinese history. I have also learned about the social system and economic development in China.
Finally, I have learned a lot about myself. I have become more independent and confident. I have learned to face challenges and solve problems.
In conclusion, studying in China has been a wonderful experience for me. I will always cherish this experience and I will continue to learn and grow.
Best regards,
[Your Name]
